15.2 Job, Step, Tasklet Lifecycle

Declaring Jobs and Steps as beans via Java Config is the standard Spring Batch configuration approach. In Spring Boot 3 (Batch 5.x), auto-configuration is active even without @EnableBatchProcessing.

1. Declaring Jobs and Steps (Spring Batch 5 Style)

@Configuration
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class CouponInactiveBatchConfig {

    private final JobRepository jobRepository;
    private final PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager;
    private final DataSource dataSource;

    // 1. Job declaration
    @Bean
    public Job inactiveCouponJob(Step inactiveCouponStep) {
        return new JobBuilder("inactiveCouponJob", jobRepository)
                .incrementer(new RunIdIncrementer())            // Generate unique ID per run
                .flow(inactiveCouponStep)
                .end()
                .build();
    }

    // 2. Step declaration (Chunk-based)
    @Bean
    public Step inactiveCouponStep() {
        return new StepBuilder("inactiveCouponStep", jobRepository)
                .<Coupon, Coupon>chunk(1000, transactionManager)  // 1000 items per chunk
                .reader(couponItemReader())
                .processor(couponItemProcessor())
                .writer(couponItemWriter())
                .build();
    }

    // 3-1. Reader: Read expired coupons from DB in pages of 1000
    @Bean
    public JdbcPagingItemReader<Coupon> couponItemReader() {
        return new JdbcPagingItemReaderBuilder<Coupon>()
                .name("couponItemReader")
                .dataSource(dataSource)
                .selectClause("SELECT id, user_id, status, expire_date")
                .fromClause("FROM coupons")
                .whereClause("WHERE status = 'ACTIVE' AND expire_date < NOW()")
                .sortKeys(Map.of("id", Order.ASCENDING))
                .rowMapper(new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(Coupon.class))
                .pageSize(1000)
                .build();
    }

    // 3-2. Processor: Change the status value
    @Bean
    public ItemProcessor<Coupon, Coupon> couponItemProcessor() {
        return coupon -> {
            coupon.setStatus("INACTIVE");
            return coupon;
        };
    }

    // 3-3. Writer: Bulk update the modified coupons
    @Bean
    public JdbcBatchItemWriter<Coupon> couponItemWriter() {
        return new JdbcBatchItemWriterBuilder<Coupon>()
                .dataSource(dataSource)
                .sql("UPDATE coupons SET status = :status WHERE id = :id")
                .beanMapped()
                .build();
    }
}

2. Manual Job Trigger (API or Scheduler)

@RestController
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class BatchController {

    private final JobLauncher jobLauncher;
    private final Job inactiveCouponJob;

    @PostMapping("/admin/batch/inactive-coupons")
    public ResponseEntity<String> runBatch() throws Exception {
        JobParameters params = new JobParametersBuilder()
                .addLong("time", System.currentTimeMillis()) // Different params allow re-runs
                .toJobParameters();
        
        jobLauncher.run(inactiveCouponJob, params);
        return ResponseEntity.ok("Batch execution complete");
    }
}