C: Data Types

C is a statically typed language, meaning you must specify the type of data a variable will hold upon declaration.

1. Basic Types

• Integer Types

  • char: 1 byte (stores ASCII code values)
  • int: 4 bytes (the most common integer type)
  • short: 2 bytes
  • long: 4–8 bytes

• Floating-point Types

  • float: 4 bytes (approx. 6 decimal places)
  • double: 8 bytes (approx. 15 decimal places, recommended)

2. Type Casting

A feature that manually overrides the data type of a value.

int a = 10, b = 3;
double result = (double)a / b; // Convert integer to double to obtain a precise result

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note

You can check the memory size of a type or variable in bytes using the sizeof() operator.