18.3 CI/CD 파이프라인 — GitHub Actions와 타입 체크 자동화

TypeScript CI/CD 핵심 체크리스트

CI 단계:
  1. 타입 체크 (tsc --noEmit)
  2. 린트 (ESLint)
  3. 단위 테스트 (Vitest/Jest)
  4. 빌드 검증
  5. E2E 테스트 (선택적)

CD 단계:
  1. Docker 이미지 빌드
  2. 컨테이너 레지스트리 푸시
  3. DB 마이그레이션
  4. 무중단 배포

---

완전한 GitHub Actions 워크플로우

# .github/workflows/ci.yml
name: CI

on:
  push:
    branches: [main, develop]
  pull_request:
    branches: [main]

env:
  NODE_VERSION: '20'
  REGISTRY: ghcr.io
  IMAGE_NAME: ${{ github.repository }}

jobs:
  # 1. 코드 품질 검사
  quality:
    name: Type Check & Lint
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: ${{ env.NODE_VERSION }}
          cache: 'npm'

      - name: Install dependencies
        run: npm ci

      - name: TypeScript type check
        run: npx tsc --noEmit

      - name: ESLint
        run: npm run lint

      - name: Prettier check
        run: npm run format:check

  # 2. 테스트
  test:
    name: Unit Tests
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    needs: quality
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: ${{ env.NODE_VERSION }}
          cache: 'npm'

      - run: npm ci

      - name: Run tests with coverage
        run: npm run test:coverage

      - name: Upload coverage report
        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
        with:
          token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}

  # 3. 빌드 검증
  build:
    name: Build Validation
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    needs: test
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: ${{ env.NODE_VERSION }}
          cache: 'npm'

      - run: npm ci
      - run: npm run build

      - name: Verify build output
        run: |
          test -d dist || exit 1
          test -f dist/main.js || exit 1

  # 4. E2E 테스트 (main 브랜치만)
  e2e:
    name: E2E Tests
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    needs: build
    if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
    services:
      postgres:
        image: postgres:16-alpine
        env:
          POSTGRES_DB: testdb
          POSTGRES_USER: test
          POSTGRES_PASSWORD: test
        options: >-
          --health-cmd pg_isready
          --health-interval 10s
          --health-timeout 5s
          --health-retries 5
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: ${{ env.NODE_VERSION }}
          cache: 'npm'

      - run: npm ci
      - run: npx playwright install --with-deps chromium

      - name: Run migrations
        env:
          DATABASE_URL: postgresql://test:test@localhost:5432/testdb
        run: npx prisma migrate deploy

      - name: Run E2E tests
        env:
          DATABASE_URL: postgresql://test:test@localhost:5432/testdb
          JWT_SECRET: test-secret-that-is-at-least-32-characters
        run: npx playwright test

      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
        if: failure()
        with:
          name: playwright-report
          path: playwright-report/

---

package.json 스크립트

{
  "scripts": {
    "build": "tsc -p tsconfig.build.json",
    "typecheck": "tsc --noEmit",
    "lint": "eslint 'src/**/*.ts' --ext .ts",
    "lint:fix": "eslint 'src/**/*.ts' --ext .ts --fix",
    "format": "prettier --write 'src/**/*.ts'",
    "format:check": "prettier --check 'src/**/*.ts'",
    "test": "vitest",
    "test:run": "vitest run",
    "test:coverage": "vitest run --coverage",
    "test:ci": "vitest run --reporter=junit --outputFile=test-results.xml",
    "test:e2e": "playwright test",
    "migrate": "prisma migrate deploy",
    "migrate:dev": "prisma migrate dev",
    "db:seed": "prisma db seed"
  }
}

---

ESLint + TypeScript 설정

// .eslintrc.json
{
  "root": true,
  "parser": "@typescript-eslint/parser",
  "parserOptions": {
    "project": "./tsconfig.json",
    "tsconfigRootDir": "."
  },
  "plugins": ["@typescript-eslint"],
  "extends": [
    "eslint:recommended",
    "plugin:@typescript-eslint/recommended",
    "plugin:@typescript-eslint/recommended-requiring-type-checking"
  ],
  "rules": {
    "@typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any": "warn",
    "@typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars": ["error", { "argsIgnorePattern": "^_" }],
    "@typescript-eslint/explicit-function-return-type": "off",
    "@typescript-eslint/no-floating-promises": "error",
    "@typescript-eslint/await-thenable": "error",
    "@typescript-eslint/no-misused-promises": "error"
  }
}

---

캐시 최적화

# npm 캐시 + 빌드 아티팩트 캐시
- uses: actions/setup-node@v4
  with:
    node-version: ${{ env.NODE_VERSION }}
    cache: 'npm'

# TypeScript 증분 빌드 캐시
- name: Cache TypeScript build
  uses: actions/cache@v3
  with:
    path: |
      .tsbuildinfo
      dist
    key: ts-build-${{ runner.os }}-${{ hashFiles('src/**/*.ts', 'tsconfig*.json') }}
    restore-keys: |
      ts-build-${{ runner.os }}-

---

고수 팁

PR 자동 타입 체크 코멘트

# .github/workflows/typecheck-comment.yml
- name: TypeScript check with annotations
  run: npx tsc --noEmit 2>&1 | npx ts-to-markdown > ts-errors.md || true

- name: Comment on PR
  if: failure()
  uses: actions/github-script@v7
  with:
    script: |
      const fs = require('fs')
      const errors = fs.readFileSync('ts-errors.md', 'utf8')
      github.rest.issues.createComment({
        issue_number: context.issue.number,
        owner: context.repo.owner,
        repo: context.repo.repo,
        body: `## TypeScript Errors\n${errors}`,
      })